A disorder of color vision of genetic or acquired origin, Daltonism affects men more than women. It is characterized by a difficulty of the subject to distinguish between red and green color.
To remedy this problem, glasses are put with specific features. There is a range on the market, available from the optician or pharmacist.
Characteristics of Daltonian glasses
The optical lenses for Daltonian are generally similar to the different lenses commonly used. The particularity here is that there are other criteria taken into account in the design. A Daltonian is first and foremost an individual like everyone else. The glasses he wears have the same configuration as those of others. They therefore present:
- Two branches;
- Two sleeves;
- A bridge;
- Two hinges;
- Two platelets;
- Two tones
- Two circles;
- Two drinks.
The specificity lies in the quality of the lenses. It is not a question of correcting a visual disorder such as myopia, hypermetropia or presbytery, but of allowing a shade of colour. The manufacturing generally takes into account the type of Daltonism and evolutionary stage of the anomaly. To understand correctly, reference must be made to the way these binocles function.
Operation of Daltonian glasses
People with Daltonism as mentioned earlier often confuse red and green colours. Depending on the type of Daltonism, some perceive only shades of grey. All these factors explain the complexity of developing corrective lenses. In 2010, thanks to Valspar paint manufacturer and Enchroma start-up, the glasses were created. Before you become interested in how they work, it is important to know the normal physiology of color vision.
Normal Color Vision
The colour perception or chromatopsis is a rather complex physiological process that brings together stimuli that cause sensations. It occurs within the organ of the eye. The latter consists of different parts which are:
- The three peripheral membranes: sclerotic, choroid and retina;
- The three transparent media in the center: aqueous mood, crystalline and glazed body.
The part most involved in chromatopsia is retina. In its structure, it has two categories of cells called photoreceptors namely:
- The cone photoreceptors: they are located in the centre of the retina and allow the vision of colours;
- Stick photoreceptors: they are peripheral and allow night vision.
The cones consist of a main pigment called iodopsin of which three types are distinguished according to the wavelength of light captured. We then distinguish:
- The green cone for liodopsin S ;
- Red cone for liodopsin L;
- The blue cone for liodopsin S.
Chromatopsia involves all three types at the retina level. In the case of dyschromatopsia, one of the cones is defective. Three types of Daltonism are individualized:
- Protanopy: it concerns the cone L. The subject is devoid of diodopsin L, which means that red is there, but deficient;
- Deuteranopia: it interests the cone M. There is an absence of diodopsin M reflecting a deficiency of green. It is the most common form of Daltonism.
- Tritanopy: The photoreceptor in play here is the cone S. L This form of dyschromatopsia is extremely rare.
How do corrective glasses work?
The Daltonian binocles separate the different types of colours allowing the subjects concerned to distinguish yellow, blue, pink... They proceed by selective filtration of the wavelengths perceived by the eye precisely to the point where they merge or overlap. They then promote an amplification of the chromatic signal sent to the integration center (brain).
However, primary colours must be blocked; The filter will therefore make cuts of a certain precision at the level of the spectrum in order to induce an interruption of these. Lenses allow certain colours to appear by increasing the contrast between red and green color signals. The symptoms of dyschromatopia are attenuated. The subjects will then be able to better understand nature in these different aspects.
Possible side effects of these glasses
The use of specific eyeglasses to correct colour blindness sometimes presents side effects that are corrected with habit. Actually, the Daltonian living since childhood or for a long time with his disorder adapts by developing certain reflexes. He has his own landmark and sees the world in his own way. This attitude allows him to integrate optimally into society.
Thus, the adoption of a miracle solution will lead to a total upheaval at the beginning. From now on, he sees and clearly distinguishes things on real and authentic aspects like everyone else. He needs to review his markers and change his reflexes to accommodate better. Such a condition may lead to disorientation and disturbance in his physiology. It is essential to ask a doctor for advice before purchasing these binicles so as not to end up in a dead end.
Where can we get Daltonian glasses?
For the purchase of lenses correcting Daltonism, it is best to have a medical prescription and go to a specialist. It is an optician, but you can go to the pharmacist too. Otherwise, you can opt for a faster option: the Internet. Today, there are companies that manufacture lenses for Daltonians that have online platforms.
Go to a search engine and start your request. In a short time, you will have many solutions ready to meet your expectations. Just choose one and explore the company's website. You have the possibility to place the order online directly and be delivered to your home or contact to get a physical appointment.
Very often, professionals submit you to diagnostic text before and after wearing glasses. It is to check the presence of the disorder at first and to appreciate the correction in a second step.
The different brands available on the market
Several companies offer glasses to correct the lack of colour vision. The most common are:
- Enchroma: Main brand It revolutionizes the treatment of Daltonism with a range of advanced patented products. The company offers glasses that combine recent neuroscience innovations in chromatic perception. These are sold online and around the world at retailers. The start-up received the Tibbetts Award in 2016 for its achievements;
- Pilestones: brand American in the same way as Enchroma, it uses technology to allow Daltonians to see the colors under their real appearances. The company offers a large panel of glasses and you have the opportunity to take the online screening test;
- Kolorblind: The company not only offers glasses for Daltonians, but gives them the opportunity to contact an optician on its platform. It corrects the two most common forms of Daltonism: protanopia and deuteranopia.
Pigmentary retinitis: causes, symptoms and treatment
The pigment retinitis is a degenerative disease of the retina, i.e. the light-sensitive tissue layer located at the back of the eye. Pigmentary retinitis causes a progressive loss of vision, ranging from colour vision and night vision to total loss of sight. Pigmentary retinitis is a hereditary disease, which is transmitted by parents to children. Pigment retinitis affects about 1 in every 3,000 people in the world.
Pigmentary retinitis is an eye disease that can cause vision loss. It is characterized by inflammation of the retina, the layer of light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. Pigmentary retinitis can be hereditary or acquired. The hereditary causes of pigment retinitis are generally related to genetic mutations. Acquired pigment retinitis can have several causes, including infections, trauma or inflammatory eye diseases. Symptoms of pigment retinitis may include decreased colour vision, blurred vision, and increased sensitivity to light. Pigmentary retinitis can also cause central vision loss, which can make it difficult to read and drive. The treatment of pigment retinitis is often directed towards symptom management. It may include light protection glasses, visual aids and medications to reduce inflammation.
There is no known remedy for pigment retinitis, but there are treatments that can help slow the progression of the disease and improve symptoms. If you or any of your loved ones have been diagnosed with pigment retinitis, it is important to seek the help of a professional in order to receive the best possible care and treatment.
